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What is laryngeal cancer?
There are two types of laryngeal cancer: primary and secondary. Primary laryngeal cancer refers to tumors with the primary site in the larynx, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most common. Secondary laryngeal cancer refers to malignant tumors from other parts of the body metastasizing to the larynx, which is less common. Symptoms of laryngeal cancer mainly include hoarseness, dyspnea, cough, difficulty in swallowing, lymph node metastasis in the neck, etc. The high-risk groups are smokers and alcohol drinkers. It is estimated that in 2020, there will be 184,615 new cases of laryngeal cancer worldwide (about 1% of all cancer patients) and 99,840 deaths from laryngeal cancer.
So can middle and late-stage laryngeal cancer be cured? Minimally invasive techniques with little side effects and trauma can help bladder cancer patients avoid surgical resection, avoid suffering from traditional radiotherapy, and effectively prolong the survival period.
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What are the risk factors of laryngeal cancer?
Smoking: burning tobacco can produce carcinogens, while its smoke can stop or slow down the ciliary movement and causes mucous hyperemia and edema, resulting in epithelial proliferation and thickening, as well as squamous metaplasia. Thus, carcinogenic basis is established.
Excessive drinking: long-term stimulation to the mucosa can cause degeneration and leads to cancer.
Stimulation from chronic inflammation: such as chronic laryngitis or respiratory inflammation
Air pollution: long-term intake of harmful gas, such as sulfur dioxide and industrial dust, can easily cause laryngeal cancer.
Viral infection: virus can cause cells degeneration and abnormal division or adhere to the gene to be passed to the next generation causing cancers. Infection of HPV16 and HPV18 also has close relation to the incidence of laryngeal cancer.
Precancerous lesion: any recurrence of laryngeal keratosis and benign laryngeal tumors, like laryngeal papilloma, can transform to cancer.
Radioactive rays: treatments using radioactive rays to treat tumors in the neck can cause cancers.
Sex hormone: relevant experiments have proved that the percentage of masculine cells in the estrogen receptor of laryngeal patients is apparently increased.
How dose laryngeal cancer transfer and diffuse?
Directly transfer: advanced laryngeal cancer often infiltrate and transfer to the submucosa.
Lymphatic transfusion: laryngeal cancer usually transfers to the superior deep cervical lymphatic nodes in the crotch of common carotid artery, and then goes along the internal jugular vein to invade both the superior and inferior lymph nodes.
Transfer through blood vessels: laryngeal cancer can transfer to other body parts, such as lung, liver, kidney, bone and brain through blood circulation.
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How to diagnose laryngeal cancer?
Neck examination
Laryngoscopy
Imaging examination
X-ray examination
CT/MRI examination
Ultrasound tomoscan
For more knowledge about cancer, please click online doctors for consultation.
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